Abstract: Objective To provide basic data for quality control by analyzing the genetic diversity of SD and Wistar rat populations. Method Using microsatellite DNA labeling technology, 24 microsatellite loci distributed on 21 chromosomes were selected for PCR amplification of DNA samples from 12 pairs of SD rats and Wistar rats, respectively. The amplified products were classified by second-generation sequencing. Then PopGen32 software, Littleprogram0. 6 and GenePop software were used to calculate alleles, average heterozygosity, polymorphism information content and genetic balance test parameters. Result The average number of alleles of 24 microsatellite loci in SD rats and Wistar rats was 3 and 2. 95, respectively. The average heterozygosity was 0. 434 4 and 0. 426 1, and the average polymorphism information content was 0. 38 and 0. 37, respectively. There were 10 and 9 loci deviating from the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Among them, 7 and 4 loci showed heterozygous deletion. Conclusion The genetic diversity of SD and Wistar rat closed populations is slightly lower than that of ideal closed populations. It is necessary to pay attention to scientific management and monitoring in population breeding to avoid inbreeding.

Key words: microsatellite, closed colony, Wistar rats, SD rats, genetic diversity

摘要： 目的 通过 SD 和 Wistar 大鼠群体遗传多样性分析,为其质量控制提供基础数据。 方法 采用微卫星 DNA标记技术,选取分布于 21 条染色体上的 24 个微卫星位点分别对 12 对 SD 大鼠和 Wistar 大鼠的 DNA 样本进行 PCR扩增,所得扩增产物经二代测序分型,再利用 PopGen32 软件、Littleprogram0. 6 和 GenePop 分别进行等位基因、平均杂合度、多态信息含量及遗传平衡检验参数的计算。 结果 SD 和 Wistar 大鼠群体分别在 24 个微卫星位点检测到平均等位基因数 3、2. 95 个,平均杂合度为 0. 434 4、0. 426 1,平均多态信息含量分别为 0. 38、0. 37,分别有 10、9 个位点偏离了 Hardy-Weinberg 遗传平衡,其中 7、4 个位点表现为杂合子缺失。 结论 SD 和 Wistar 大鼠封闭群遗传多样性略低于理想封闭群水平,需要在种群繁育中注重科学管理监测,避免近交。

关键词: 微卫星, 封闭群, Wistar 大鼠, SD 大鼠, 遗传多样性